UNIDENTIFIED PERSON: (Non-English language spoken). And lawmakers have drafted a bill making it illegal to have even a single drink before driving. There is talk of raising the drinking age to 21, of banning advertising. PERALTA: Parliament has begun talking about whether changes are needed in South Africa's liberal booze policy. And we are now in a state of acknowledging that this is a problem. MUZZAMMIL ISMAIL: It sort of removed the Band-Aid. It was a reality check for South Africans. On New Year's Eve, a day notorious for its carnage, emergency rooms were completely empty. Muzzammil Ismail, who also works at the health department, says the ban saved lives. And more beds open up for COVID-19 patients. MOODLEY: And the system just decompresses. There were fewer people at the ER, fewer ICU admissions. PERALTA: That trickled down to every aspect of the health system. But more specifically, we saw a dramatic drop in trauma-related hospitalizations. MOODLEY: We saw a dramatic drop in hospitalizations. But things changed when South Africa banned alcohol. Every weekend, he says, emergency rooms fill up with drunk people who have gotten into fights and ended up stabbed or shot. Melvin Moodley, who works for the Cape Town Health Department. And that's the reality of working in a busy emergency unit in South Africa. MELVIN MOODLEY: Late on a Saturday evening, you could smell a combination of the blood and the alcohol. Doctors know alcohol and violence are intimately related. South Africans could possibly have a discipline problem. GOLIATH: I won't say South Africans have a drinking problem. He saw the news about how the alcohol ban cleared emergency rooms. He legalized it and built this mega sports bar that employs dozens of people in a tough neighborhood. Eventually, Goliath took over the business. PERALTA: With the money they made at the bar, his parents could afford to send Goliath and his siblings to school. We were to clean up behind people, pick up glasses, mop the floors, things like that. GOLIATH: We were working from an early age. As a kid, Goliath remembers patrons drinking in his living room at all hours. Yet, in an act of rebellion, many turned their homes into shebeens, apartheid-era speakeasies. Black people weren't allowed to drink or sell alcohol. At the time, people of color were kept out of most businesses. PERALTA: His bar is in Mitchells Plain, a township created by the apartheid government for colored people. We're going to have to put it up for sale or something because things are not good. WILLIAM GOLIATH: Now, to be honest, there was moments that we thought one of the businesses is going to have to go. William Goliath (ph), who owns this bar and the liquor store next door, says the ban nearly killed his business. And South Africans are some of the most ardent alcohol consumers on the continent. The Western Cape produces some of the finest wine in the world. But this is a country with a huge alcohol industry that employs almost 300,000 people. Plus, sober South Africans were less likely to violently protest a complete lockdown. They were trying to keep people from gathering. PERALTA: The South African government banned alcohol just as the world locked down last year. We use the booze as something - as a material that can entertain us. Tobella says it felt like collective punishment, even against people like him who just wanted a drink after a long overnight shift. PERALTA: The bans were not popular with many South Africans. We are now starting to enjoy this new life. WELLINGTON TOBELLA: That is why now we are all together. Wellington Tobella (ph) was drinking a pitcher of beer with his friends. At noon on a weekday, there are already a dozen people at the premium sports bar here in Cape Town. So last month, as South Africa lifted the ban, people flooded into bars. NPR's Eyder Peralta peels back the layers of a story that tells you a lot about South Africa's history.ĮYDER PERALTA, BYLINE: The alcohol bans in South Africa have been draconian. But there was a side effect to the side effect, a serious drop in some people's business. Emergency rooms suddenly became a lot less busy with alcohol-related injuries. Prohibition was an effort to keep people from gathering and spreading coronavirus. South Africa reports an unexpected side effect from an effort to fight the pandemic.
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Firstly, there is the global economic slowdown, which is affecting both consumer confidence and spending power. There are a number of factors that are affecting the auto industry at the moment. What are some of the factors that are affecting the auto industry? So, while the auto industry may be facing some challenges at the moment, there's no need to hit the panic button just yet. These trends could lead to a resurgence in auto sales in the coming years. Electric vehicles are gaining ground, and autonomous technology is becoming more advanced every day. So, while it's certainly not ideal, it's not cause for panic either.įinally, there are some bright spots in the auto industry right now. In fact, sales are still above where they were just a few years ago. Second, the current drop in sales is actually fairly modest compared to some of the plunges we've seen in the past. So, while sales may be down overall, it's not necessarily indicative of long-term trouble. There are ups and downs in any industry, and the auto industry is no different. But there are a few silver linings to be found.įirst, it's important to remember that sales always fluctuate. Sales have been falling for months, and many manufacturers are feeling the pinch. There is no doubt that the auto industry is in a bit of a slump. Finally, new car technologies are making cars more reliable and longer-lasting than ever before, so people may be holding onto their vehicles for longer periods of time. Second, the overall economy is still doing well, so consumers likely have the means to purchase a car if they really need one. First, it's important to remember that the auto industry is cyclical, so drops in sales are to be expected from time to time. And finally, ride-sharing services are still in their early stages of development, and it's possible that they will eventually complement rather than replace private car ownership.Ĭar sales have been on the decline in recent months, but there are a few reasons why this isn't cause for panic. Secondly, new technologies are making cars more fuel-efficient than ever before, which should help to offset high gas prices. Firstly, the global economy is slowly starting to recover, which should lead to increased consumer confidence and spending. Finally, the rise of ride-sharing services such as Uber and Lyft has made people less likely to buy their own car.ĭespite all of these factors, there are still plenty of reasons to be optimistic about the future of the auto industry. Secondly, oil prices have been volatile in recent years, which has made consumers think twice about buying gas-guzzling cars. This has led to consumers being more cautious with their spending. Firstly, the global economy has been weak, with many countries in recession. There are a number of factors that have contributed to the recent drop in car sales. Benchmark Auto Sales is one of those companies that you'll have to keep your eye on if you're in the market for purchasing an automobile because they are always ahead of the curve! Why the recent drop in car sales? It was only a matter of time before the auto industry as we know it today began to change drastically in order to adapt to the new economy. The industry experts at Benchmark Auto Sales have been predicting this for some time now. The dye and radioactive fluid show the surgeon to which lymph node(s) breast cancer cells are most likely to travel. The best way is to use a combination of two substances - one is a low-grade radioactive fluid (isotope) and the other is a blue dye. There are different ways of finding the sentinel node. View a picture of lymph nodes near the breast. Sometimes the sentinel node is in another part of the body - for example, in the chest between the ribs under the breast or above or under the collarbone. Usually the sentinel node is in the armpit (axilla). Although some women may have one sentinel node, some may have two or three sentinel nodes. The sentinel node is the first lymph node to which breast cancer cells may spread outside the breast. In this situation, an axillary dissection will be recommended. In a small number of cases, it’s not possible to find the sentinel node at the time of surgery. When a total mastectomy with sentinel node biopsy is performed, I obtain a frozen section of the nodes and proceed to dissect the axilla if positive. Total mastectomy with sentinel node biopsy uses codes 19303, 38525-51, and 38900. This is a procedure in which surgeons remove nearby lymph nodes to determine if the cancer has spread. Therefore, lumpectomy with sentinel node biopsy is billed using codes 19301, 38525-51, and 38900. However, for many women, a second operation is needed. On its own, a lumpectomy does not indicate if cancer has spread, but it may be performed along with a sentinel lymph node biopsy. If the sentinel node is examined during surgery, it may be possible to remove the remaining lymph nodes during the same operation. If there are cancer cells in the sentinel node, further surgery (axillary dissection) may be needed to remove more lymph nodes from the armpit to check how many lymph nodes are affected. The sentinel node(s) removed from the armpit are examined by a pathologist. The length of time it takes to do sentinel node biopsy varies for individual women. Sometimes it may be performed as a separate procedure. Sentinel node biopsy is usually done during breast surgery ( breast conserving surgery or mastectomy). It’s important that sentinel node biopsy is done by a surgeon who is trained and experienced in this method. Sentinel node biopsy involves removing the first lymph node (or nodes) in the armpit to which cancer cells are likely to spread from the breast. For Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people.Working with Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people. In addition, farmers diversified income sources by engaging in alternative livelihood activities to cope with crop failure. The results also revealed that in the long run, it was mainly cost but not access which prevented respondents from using agricultural inputs to increase production. To sustain and improve the current level of production, respondents utilized either mixed cropping or shifting cultivation. The results show that variables like gender, age, and educational status had little influence on perception of climate change. Other stakeholders consulted include representatives of Ghana Metrological Agency (GMA), Ministry of Food and Agriculture (MoFA), Environmental Protection Agency, District Assemblies and some environmental NGOs. Within these communities, only household heads primarily engaged in farming participated in the interviews. Six communities were selected in the Brong Ahafo Region. A mixed method approach was used which allowed a combination of interviews and personal observations supported with literature review. This study sought to assess perception of communities about climate change and to explore changes in farming systems that have sustained food crop production in the study areas. Undoubtedly, climate change has a negative effect on agricultural production and this is increasingly escalating in vulnerable regions like Ghana where agric is not mechanised to guarantee an all year round harvest. Greater dialogue between genders and generations may help to tackle unequal power relations and lead to shared decision-making processes that build the resilience of rural communities. The research provides important insights into gendered and generational power relations regarding land access, property rights and intra-household decision-making processes. Intergenerational tensions emerged when young people felt that their parents and elders were neglecting their views and concerns. The tendency for land, cash crops and income to be controlled by men, despite women's and young people's significant labour contributions to family farms, and for women to rely on food crop production for their main source of income and for household food security, means that women and girls are more likely to lose out when cashew plantations are expanded to the detriment of land for food crops. As a tree crop, cashew was regarded as an individual man's property to be passed on to his wife and children rather than to extended family members, which differed from the communal land tenure arrangements governing food crop cultivation. This article explores everyday, less visible, gendered and generational struggles over family farms in West Africa, based on qualitative, participatory research in a rural community that is becoming increasingly integrated into the global capitalist system. The expansion of cashew plantations was leading to pressure on the remaining family lands available for food crop production, which community members feared could potentially compromise the food security of rural communities and the land inheritance of future generations.Īgricultural land use in much of Brong-Ahafo region, Ghana has been shifting from the production of food crops towards increased cashew nut cultivation in recent years. Cashew farmers however were subject to price fluctuations in the value of Raw Cashew Nuts (RCN) due to unequal power relations with intermediaries and export buyer companies and global markets, in addition to other vulnerabilities that constrained the quality and quantity of cashew and food crops they could produce. Global demand for cashew is projected to continue to grow rapidly in the immediate future and cashew-growing areas of Ghana are well placed to respond to this demand. Based on qualitative, participatory research with a total of 60 participants, the research found that increased cashew production had led to improvements in living standards for many farmers and their children over recent years. This research aimed to investigate the implications of changing agricultural land use from food production towards increased cashew cultivation for food security and poverty alleviation in Jaman North District, Brong-Ahafo Region of Ghana. 70x50cm Rectangular Softbox for LED Panels (approx.It is as important to control soft light as it is to shape hard light, which is why the Nova P300c Softbox includes a 40° Fabric Light Control Grid for crafting the perfect image. The shell of the Nova P300c Softbox utilizes adjustable corners, allowing users to more easily attach all 4 rods to the mounting frame, and seal up the softbox. Its high-quality aircraft-grade aluminum build gives the Nova P300c Barn Doors durability, making it a welcome addition to any filmmaking environment. The Aputure Nova P300c Soft Box is a 50x70cm rectangular softbox and comes with a grid diffusion fabric, making it the perfect size for fast paced. 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Aputure is a cinema tech company that designs and manufacturers high-end lighting solutions and filmmaking equipment for digital creators. - 70x50cm Rectangular Softbox for LED Panels (approx.This softbox not only increases the size of the light source to 70x50cm (approximately 27.5×20 in. The Nova P300c Softbox includes a 40º Fabric Light Control Grid and a ¼ Grid Diffusion Fabric for filmmakers to control their beam angle and craft the perfect image. Specifications Nova Softbox The Nova P300c Softbox was designed specifically to work in tandem with the Nova P300c RGBWW LED Soft Light. The shell of the Nova P300c Softbox utilizes adjustable velcro corners, allowing you to more easily attach all 4 rods to the mounting frame, and seal up the softbox.Ĭontrol your way. The Nova P300c Softbox is a compact 50x70cm rectangular softbox designed for the Nova P300c LED panel, and is the perfect size for fast-paced shooting environments. 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Melfi give up on Tony Soprano.īRACCO: (As Dr. In her final scene, Chase basically had Dr. Your papa never told you about right and wrong.ĭEGGANS: Bracco reveals she loved working with HBO but hated how her character left The Sopranos. And few programs symbolize the success HBO reached in challenging the rules of TV - with no commercials, explicit content and a wide latitude given the talent - like The Sopranos.ĪLABAMA 3: (Singing) All that love had gone. (SOUNDBITE OF SONG, "WOKE UP THIS MORNING (CHOSEN ONE)")ĪLABAMA 3: (Singing) Woke up this morning, got yourself a gun.ĭEGGANS: Miller spoke to 757 people for "Tinderbox," tracing its story and quotes from performers, producers, executives and more. And of all of us, I believe he was the least aware. So I don't think Jimmy was ready for that. Bracco, already famous for playing Karen Hill in the film "Goodfellas," tried to warn him.īRACCO: As we all know, success is a really weird thing, and fame is even weirder. LORRAINE BRACCO: One of the big things you have to remember about Jimmy is that this took him by surprise, this success.ĭEGGANS: "In Tinderbox," Miller writes Gandolfini, who left that intervention after about 10 seconds, struggled with the dark feelings Tony Soprano awakened in him. Jennifer Melfi alongside Gandolfini's mobster, Tony Soprano, says she remembers how much her co-star struggled with the role and the fame it brought him. Lorraine Bracco, who played therapist Dr. David Chase, creator of HBO's hit series "The Sopranos," joined friends and family of star James Gandolfini at the Manhattan apartment of then-CEO Chris Albrecht. It's called "Tinderbox: HBO's Ruthless Pursuit Of New Frontiers." NPR TV critic Eric Deggans spoke with author James Andrew Miller and Sopranos star Lorraine Bracco last week on a Twitter Spaces conversation hosted by NPR.ĮRIC DEGGANS, BYLINE: "Tinderbox" opens with a powerful moment from 2003. HBO would go on to air groundbreaking hits like "Game Of Thrones" and "The Sopranos." And a new oral history book details the company's rise. In 1972, a channel named Home Box Office debuted, reaching fewer than 400 homes in Pennsylvania. In 2007, AAA had another theme song tie-up with Kamen Rider Den-O, " Climax Jump", which they released as a single under the temporary name "AAA Den-O Form". The album's sales were a success although less than its predecessor " Attack". With the exception of three new songs, the songs on "All" had been previously released as singles with music videos throughout 2006. After releasing mini album "All/2" on September 13, 2006, AAA released their second studio album All on January 1, 2007. Uno, the female lead singer, starred alongside Sarah Michelle Gellar in the Hollywood version of The Grudge 2 which opened in theaters October 2006. In June 2006, AAA's official fan club "AAA Party" opened its doors. However, as each of the singles tackled different genres, they did relatively well on the charts. With all the releases and promotional activities, the group did not have time to perform their songs live. From September to December they released a single each month plus a photobook and their very first album, Attack, in January 2006. In their debut year, they received the "Best Newcomer Award" at the 47th Japan Record Awards. AAA debuted on September 14 that year with " Blood on Fire" and were received well due to the song being used as the theme song of the live action Initial-D movie. AAA officially started their activities as a group in May. In April 2005, Avex officially announced the debut of the group with seven members (excluding Ito), and oldest member Urata as the leader. As the songs " Blood on Fire" and " Friday Party" were prepared before their debut for six members, the two girls are only heard in the refrain. All eight entered the agency through auditions and underwent training in the Avex Artist Academy, the record label's talent training facility. Avex later decided to add two more female members, Yukari Goto then Chiaki Ito. Initially, it included the five male members Takahiro Nishijima, Naoya Urata, Shuta Sueyoshi, Shinjiro Atae, Mitsuhiro Hidaka, and Misako Uno as the only female member. History 2005–2006: Early days and debut ĪAA was originally planned to be a six-member group. The group was formed through Avex's own auditions, and originally consisted of five young men and three young women who had appeared in commercials and/or had prior experience as backup dancers for other Japanese stars, such as Ayumi Hamasaki and Ami Suzuki. The name has the meaning of "challenging everything" or "against all odds", and the group is marketed by their label as a "super performance unit". Most prominent examples are Johnny & Associates artists such as Kis-My-Ft2 and Snow Man, LDH artists such as EXILE, EXILE TRIBE, E-girls and Happiness, K-Pop artists such as BoA, TVXQ, BIGBANG, EXO, BLACKPINK and IKON, and international artists such as Bruno Mars, Hardwell and YELLOW CLAW.From left to right: Naoya Urata, Shinjiro Atae, Misako Uno, Mitsuhiro Hidaka, Chiaki Ito, Takahiro Nishijima and Shuta SueyoshiĪAA (pronounced Triple A also a acronym for Attack All Around) are a 5-member Japanese pop group signed to the label Avex Trax which debuted in September of 2005. Artists that use Avex's record labels in order to publish music in Japan are not necessarily managed by Avex itself.Furthermore, the Avex Group founded and manages a talent school named Avex Artist Academy. The company established and has been hosting the annual summer concert a-nation since 2002. Additionally, the subsidiary "Avex Pictures" which was established for promoting and producing video contents such as games, animation, movies and events also manages several artists that specialize in theme music soundtracks for such content. The artist management subsidiary within the Avex Group is "Avex Management". Since its foundation, the company has established over 40 different in-house record labels, with some of the most notable ones being avex trax (first label), rhythm zone (third label) and IDOL Street. The company also provides theme music soundtracks to many anime series and a few video games through its subsidiary Avex Mode. (エイベックス・グループ・ホールディングス株式会社), is Japan's leading dance record company since the 1990s and continues producing and recording some of Japan's most famous pop singers such as Japan's highest-selling solo musician. What if I get a negative pregnancy test result? Many tests will show a false positive result if left sitting long enough. Never pick up a test after a few hours once it’s in the trash and read it again. Be sure to read the test result only after waiting the time recommended in the test instructions. Before you take your test, remember to check the expiration date, and make sure you understand and follow the instructions. These tests are looking for the presence of hCG or Human Chorionic Gonadotropin, a hormone produced during the onset of pregnancy.ĭon’t forget home pregnancy tests, aka HPTs, may not work if they are expired, or if you don’t follow the instructions. Most over-the-counter pregnancy tests work best if you use them with the first urine you pass in the morning, which is when your urine is most concentrated. What time of day should I take a pregnancy test? Often called Pregnancy Resource Centers or Crisis Pregnancy Centers, these are offices typically run by volunteers of non-medical, often religious-based institutions that exist only to try to discourage people from choosing to have an abortion. If you prefer to seek one out anyway, you should avoid most places that advertise free pregnancy testing. The closer you can estimate, the more effective your test result will be.Ī test from a doctor’s office is no more effective than a home test. Most people see a period about every 28 days. If you don’t track when your period normally comes, this can be hard to do. You do have to wait at least 10 days from unprotected sex for a pregnancy test to be effective, and it’s even more effective if you can wait until only a few days before your period is due. There are many kinds available, and more expensive tests are not more accurate than those that are less expensive. Home pregnancy tests are now just as effective as the tests available in a doctor’s office. If it’s been more than 5 days since you had unprotected sex and too late for EC, you can get a pregnancy test from a doctor or you can take a home pregnancy test. These are all options to prevent pregnancy even after unprotected sex. Another option is going to a clinic for the insertion of a Paragard IUD. ELLA is a prescription brand of EC that is not impacted by body size. One consideration, if you have a BMI of 30 or more, or weigh more than 165 pounds, this option may not be effective for you. Brand names like PLAN B work no better than the many generics out there, so cheaper versions are fine. You can get over-the-counter emergency contraception at most drug and grocery stores without a prescription in every US state. If you have had unprotected sex within the last 5 days and do not want to be pregnant, you may want to try emergency contraception (EC). Each situation is different, but we will try to help here. Whether you are feeling mild anxiety or are in a complete meltdown, there are some simple facts that might be helpful. Okay, almost every person who can become pregnant has been faced with a pregnancy scare at one time or another. |
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